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  5. Romanian Advance into Transylvania

Romanian Advance into Transylvania(1918)

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Nov 13–Dec 24, 1918·Romania victory·campaign·Carpathian passes to Transylvanian plateau·Approximate site
Map Placement

Approximate site. The pin marks a locally accepted site or a nearby anchor point, not a survey-grade position.

Cluj-Napoca — Romanian forces entered Dec 24, 1918

Coordinate source: Wikipedia Cluj-Napoca

Background

The Armistice of November 11 and dissolution of Austria-Hungary created a vacuum in Transylvania. Romania re-entered the war to enforce Allied-approved occupation lines and respond to the Transylvanian Romanian National Assembly's declaration of union.

Campaign: Unification Campaign 1918-19

Forces Engaged

Historical photograph relating to the Romanian Advance into Transylvania (1918): Romanian troops (Regiment 16 Dorobanți "Fălticeni") marching through Cluj, Transylvania, 1918
Romanian troops (Regiment 16 Dorobanți "Fălticeni") marching through Cluj, Transylvania, 1918 (c. 1918) — Merl LaVoy (1918). Public domain.
Victor
Romania
Commander: Gen. Mărdarescu
Strength: 80,000
Defeated
Hungary
Commander: Gen. Kratochvil
Strength: 20,000

The Battle

Historical map or illustration showing the Romanian Advance into Transylvania (1918): Photograph of Romanian troops in the Carpathian mountains during World War I.
Photograph of Romanian troops in the Carpathian mountains during World War I. (c. 1916) — Gogu Negulesco. Public domain.

Romanian forces advanced into Transylvania post-Armistice, entering Cluj on December 24.

Romanian forces advanced into Transylvania following the November 1918 Armistice, securing the region through a broad-front advance from the Carpathian passes to the Transylvanian plateau. The campaign established military control before the Paris Peace Conference.

Casualties & Outcome

1,000
Romania
casualties
2,000
Hungary
casualties

~1,000 total (Romanian); ~2,000 total including captures (Hungarian)

Romania achieved victory over Hungary.

Romanian forces captured Cluj on December 24 and by January 1919 controlled all territory to the Mureș River, underpinning the Act of Union of December 1, 1918.

Historical Record

Archival image of the Romanian Advance into Transylvania (1918): Monument al eroilor din Primul Război Mondial
Monument al eroilor din Primul Război Mondial — National Heritage Institute, Bucharest. 4.0.
Archival image of the Romanian Advance into Transylvania (1918): I. világháborús katonatemető. Radnai-havasok (Munții Rodnei), Borsai-hágó (Pasul Prislop)
I. világháborús katonatemető. Radnai-havasok (Munții Rodnei), Borsai-hágó (Pasul Prislop) (c. 1940) — Fortepan. 4.0.
Archival image of the Romanian Advance into Transylvania (1918): Monumentul eroilor din Primul Război Mondial
Monumentul eroilor din Primul Război Mondial — National Heritage Institute, Bucharest. 4.0.

Significance & Legacy

Established military control before the Paris Peace Conference, shaping the Treaty of Trianon.

Frequently Asked Questions

When was the Romanian Advance into Transylvania?
The Romanian Advance into Transylvania took place in 1918. Nov 13–Dec 24, 1918.
What was the outcome of the Romanian Advance into Transylvania?
The Romania were victorious against the Hungary.
What was the significance of the Romanian Advance into Transylvania?
Established military control before the Paris Peace Conference, shaping the Treaty of Trianon.

Related Battles

Romanian Intervention in Basarabia1918 · Romania victoryRomanian Counter-offensive to the Tisza1919 · Romania victoryRomanian Occupation of Budapest1919 · Romania victoryTransylvanian Offensive1916 · Austria-Hungary victoryBattle of Turtucaia1916 · Bulgaria & Germany victoryFlămânda Offensive1916 · Bulgaria / Germany victory
View all World War I battles →

Sources

  • Hitchins, K. — Romania 1866–1947
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